Seleksi Fitur dan Optimasi Model untuk Sistem Deteksi Intrusi Berbasis Machine Learning pada Jaringan IoT: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

Abdul Burhanudin, Adhwa Pranaja Widyadana, Arip Solehudin

Abstract


Pertumbuhan pesat jaringan Internet of Things (IoT) telah memperluas permukaan serangan siber, sehingga Intrusion Detection System (IDS) yang akurat dan efisien menjadi semakin diperlukan. IDS berbasis machine learning telah banyak diadopsi untuk mengidentifikasi pola lalu lintas jaringan normal dan berbahaya, namun kinerjanya sangat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas fitur, karakteristik dataset, dan strategi optimasi model. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh metode seleksi fitur dan optimasi model terhadap kinerja IDS berbasis machine learning pada jaringan IoT. Systematic Literature Review dilakukan terhadap 25 artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2025, dengan analisis melalui tahap identifikasi, seleksi, ekstraksi data, dan sintesis tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa seleksi fitur mampu mengurangi atribut yang tidak relevan, menurunkan kompleksitas komputasi, dan meningkatkan stabilitas klasifikasi. Optimasi model melalui Bayesian Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, SMOTE, normalisasi, dan ekstraksi fitur turut mendukung peningkatan kinerja IDS. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa kinerja IDS tidak cukup dinilai hanya dari akurasi, tetapi juga harus mempertimbangkan precision, recall, F1-score, false alarm rate, jumlah fitur terpilih, dan waktu komputasi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi secara teoretis dengan memetakan hubungan antara seleksi fitur, optimasi model, dan kinerja IDS pada jaringan IoT, sekaligus memberikan panduan praktis bagi pengembangan sistem deteksi intrusi yang lebih adaptif.


Keywords


(Deteksi Intrusi; Internet of Things; Machine Learning; Optimasi Model).

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.55340/jiu.v15i1.2685

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